tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52978698920878945082024-03-06T08:57:42.801+05:30Electronics & Information TechnologyIdeas + Learning + DesigningGurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comBlogger54125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-78689227315545238642021-10-20T11:32:00.005+05:302021-10-20T11:32:43.787+05:30DC-DC Converter<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKIZPHCdLp_PZVUovf1knhy9-8ujiUUK28Z0fOooe8xkhtj0B5WSmc4QX71Hp707cjvVdDGROHQcYAL8JS3KqtdvfToUKOJlJJv6vdWrOPbJ5CPWzJifMVAnsDRxoaAlAujUyFrFTVQrI/s557/051wlG0z-grL.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="557" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKIZPHCdLp_PZVUovf1knhy9-8ujiUUK28Z0fOooe8xkhtj0B5WSmc4QX71Hp707cjvVdDGROHQcYAL8JS3KqtdvfToUKOJlJJv6vdWrOPbJ5CPWzJifMVAnsDRxoaAlAujUyFrFTVQrI/s320/051wlG0z-grL.jpg" width="320" /></a><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Efficiency is as high as 95%</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Circuit has short circuit protection, overheating protection function</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">10k to adjust potentiometer, adjust the output voltage</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Maximum output voltage: DC 228V</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Switching frequency: 1.2MHz</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Maximum current output: 2A</div></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-61962018784037631262021-09-07T08:23:00.002+05:302021-10-16T11:46:23.780+05:30Multimeter - Learn to use for Voltage measurements<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/k-Ib9f8CTGA" width="320" youtube-src-id="k-Ib9f8CTGA"></iframe></div><br /> https://youtu.be/k-Ib9f8CTGA<p></p><p><br /></p><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-77347834846719213062021-07-30T15:44:00.003+05:302021-07-30T15:45:28.345+05:30Thermostat working - Backup Electric Heater for Solar Thermal<p>How does a thermostat for an Electric back up heater for Solar Thermal system work? Check out this video.</p>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kOH_sO6L1f4" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-59823426201966276512021-01-29T09:52:00.010+05:302021-02-11T16:53:02.862+05:30Electronics for an Electric Boat<p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz5j0qPdgh9SKJdldlQhouXi961qjznavm_Y0p_XMmzgf1l1zTrXAD3XFnnZltZPt-AdEFc9TZy_3I6Nxex-vHztc5Yqz7ubLKgJVTZfYp_WQ1DgDD7laBPAW4xmNt5AdJPyIfQjatctc/s2048/BoatControl.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz5j0qPdgh9SKJdldlQhouXi961qjznavm_Y0p_XMmzgf1l1zTrXAD3XFnnZltZPt-AdEFc9TZy_3I6Nxex-vHztc5Yqz7ubLKgJVTZfYp_WQ1DgDD7laBPAW4xmNt5AdJPyIfQjatctc/s320/BoatControl.jpg" /></a></p><p>Built around a Lynch Motor, the boat system is designed to provide speed and direction control. The motor is regenerative and regenerative braking is used.</p><p>All parameters including rpm, temperature and torque are measured and logged for analysis. A USB interface is provided to connect to a PC. The PC Software can be used to configure limits for rpm, temperature and battery voltages.</p>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-45707509093694308282021-01-27T12:18:00.003+05:302021-01-29T09:49:18.711+05:30Annunciator<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ0hI9PJ2UDMgKsFMI3OaBChSdpdXKxACeeSzAq6htrWH6bWvOowGSHaweaDGlUjyHucR70p1bmFirvR3UIcPmmgOvJF9kokh262pSDPrS6fullhyyNQOGdqZ94hcIY4RR3Rt5DolJWnA/s1600/DSCN0440.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ0hI9PJ2UDMgKsFMI3OaBChSdpdXKxACeeSzAq6htrWH6bWvOowGSHaweaDGlUjyHucR70p1bmFirvR3UIcPmmgOvJF9kokh262pSDPrS6fullhyyNQOGdqZ94hcIY4RR3Rt5DolJWnA/w200-h150/DSCN0440.JPG" width="200" /></a></div><span id="docs-internal-guid-64ccfc34-7fff-68cc-230b-6dbe9af2d71f"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-8872f160-7fff-6453-9a31-5fb3a34a7ff1"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">Design & Development of Annunciator</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">For a California based Company redesigned their annunciators around modern technology.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The annunciators could handle 1 to 128 input modules with inputs to display from 8 to 1024 zones.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The original full analog design was simplified with a single main PCB with a powerful microcontroller and multiple smaller PCBs with smaller microcontrollers, Analog & Digital inputs and outputs.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhH_vGjzuu1yHoOXC5rn_y758sV6Vsi-7JXHHfBcK-Gbh-z9OKOg9i1MXf1shIdc4Pu8VZoAX4OnmFVQy7J7OApTJMK-Zwt0MK9s9je-O6HUUvocTRAGO-tn4IOaZhyl8kaiS0OHhrKQ/s1600/DSCN0443.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhH_vGjzuu1yHoOXC5rn_y758sV6Vsi-7JXHHfBcK-Gbh-z9OKOg9i1MXf1shIdc4Pu8VZoAX4OnmFVQy7J7OApTJMK-Zwt0MK9s9je-O6HUUvocTRAGO-tn4IOaZhyl8kaiS0OHhrKQ/w200-h150/DSCN0443.JPG" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhH_vGjzuu1yHoOXC5rn_y758sV6Vsi-7JXHHfBcK-Gbh-z9OKOg9i1MXf1shIdc4Pu8VZoAX4OnmFVQy7J7OApTJMK-Zwt0MK9s9je-O6HUUvocTRAGO-tn4IOaZhyl8kaiS0OHhrKQ/s1600/DSCN0443.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhH_vGjzuu1yHoOXC5rn_y758sV6Vsi-7JXHHfBcK-Gbh-z9OKOg9i1MXf1shIdc4Pu8VZoAX4OnmFVQy7J7OApTJMK-Zwt0MK9s9je-O6HUUvocTRAGO-tn4IOaZhyl8kaiS0OHhrKQ/s1600/DSCN0443.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhH_vGjzuu1yHoOXC5rn_y758sV6Vsi-7JXHHfBcK-Gbh-z9OKOg9i1MXf1shIdc4Pu8VZoAX4OnmFVQy7J7OApTJMK-Zwt0MK9s9je-O6HUUvocTRAGO-tn4IOaZhyl8kaiS0OHhrKQ/s1600/DSCN0443.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhH_vGjzuu1yHoOXC5rn_y758sV6Vsi-7JXHHfBcK-Gbh-z9OKOg9i1MXf1shIdc4Pu8VZoAX4OnmFVQy7J7OApTJMK-Zwt0MK9s9je-O6HUUvocTRAGO-tn4IOaZhyl8kaiS0OHhrKQ/s1600/DSCN0443.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a></div><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">PC based Software was developed to configure the system for multiple parameters.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The duration of the project was 8 months.Test jigs were replicated at both places (USA & Goa, India).</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCfbksiADh5o4ksLjB3ViaephlBFYoreomWaY4xiMIpciz11prV4jLDhKKZrsQvNO7kDi2vJbW3GZnRW06vH6mj9sLgLLCokNR4B4i_lUhrB-Uzo7W3XWCd48yV_NNCpflksR5IG1ISQg/s1600/DSCN0456.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCfbksiADh5o4ksLjB3ViaephlBFYoreomWaY4xiMIpciz11prV4jLDhKKZrsQvNO7kDi2vJbW3GZnRW06vH6mj9sLgLLCokNR4B4i_lUhrB-Uzo7W3XWCd48yV_NNCpflksR5IG1ISQg/w200-h151/DSCN0456.JPG" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT_f7xrpHuzLjHZ2NZKHKJ7LZ89Spdx-iZImsG_S16L3v09YT9sJ3cWmk_0-aXvXh3xDiy2QpoFVhqnC8giq-hHHwUexp6Ecc0qBkKVPa_dH-ds23hicEWPi1OYkWObGEwXobk850vmyM/s1600/Dscn0202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT_f7xrpHuzLjHZ2NZKHKJ7LZ89Spdx-iZImsG_S16L3v09YT9sJ3cWmk_0-aXvXh3xDiy2QpoFVhqnC8giq-hHHwUexp6Ecc0qBkKVPa_dH-ds23hicEWPi1OYkWObGEwXobk850vmyM/w200-h150/Dscn0202.jpg" width="200" /></a></div></span>
<br /><br />Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-43752035329367338602018-04-24T11:02:00.004+05:302021-02-11T18:53:52.098+05:30IRNAS outdoor LoraWAN gateway<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1500" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyE0k4wBHXqev-O9TyZKYqmWSM0UaWFErRj-WGb3i1Xo5QjuuHW-qemjWJOHX02pFGaoLRkjXQxwwr8tUMZov6ifDIfH7GJIafEFabQ_NXu-0IlvC70OwTEDlgYo392JvMSUvaMjFGtVI/w400-h266/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway-4.jpg" title="IRNAS LoRA Gateway" width="400" /></a><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><br /></a><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><br /></a><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><br /></a><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><br /></a><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="color: black; text-align: left;">Kudos to </span></a><a href="http://irnas.eu/" style="text-align: left;" target="_blank">IRNAS</a><span style="color: black; text-align: left;"> for this Gateway built to be simple & elegant.</span><br style="color: black; text-align: left;" /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: black;"></div><a href="http://irnas.eu/other%20projects/2018/04/17/irnas-outdoor-lorawan-gateway" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><br /></a></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-17334154473994302802018-03-20T15:02:00.001+05:302018-03-21T12:12:33.429+05:3018650 Li-Ion Cell - The Iconic Battery!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqvq_o-xG0pbVDit5aWer_GosvFi93wL2v0MGMoL6wBw1A2yqba0lDQDESK2bEkpB55V-Ej1P0quLI2l4MwbAtNko6NrOe2hgQOOp6Snmy5_K4KRLN9i5J3qUGCOIHu0bGHFjeFPfpf1M/s1600/F7887261-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="313" data-original-width="444" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqvq_o-xG0pbVDit5aWer_GosvFi93wL2v0MGMoL6wBw1A2yqba0lDQDESK2bEkpB55V-Ej1P0quLI2l4MwbAtNko6NrOe2hgQOOp6Snmy5_K4KRLN9i5J3qUGCOIHu0bGHFjeFPfpf1M/s320/F7887261-01.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
18650 - This is the most common standard for a Li-Ion battery (or Cell in correct technical terms). In your Laptop, usually multiple 18650 cells are connected in series to provide a higher voltage. A 2-cell battery (Multiple cells connected together is technically called a battery), will have 2 cells in series and produce 7.2 to 7.4 Volts.<br />
<br />
The Power Bank that we talked about in my earlier post usually comprises or 1 or more 18650 cells - But these are connected in parallel.<br />
<br />
There are wild claims regarding the capacity of power banks and 18650 cells as well. So lets make it clear here - The Size of a 18650 cell is 18x65mm. In that space there is little room for wild swings in capacity - The Chemistry is nearly the same. So we have real capacities ranging from 2,000mAH to 3,100mAH.<br />
Cell capacities are Colour coded (You can check the details in one of the links below). The Purple Colour Cell manufactured by Samsung is one very commonly available battery and has a capacity of 2,600mAH - You can take this as a benchmark for checking most of your products.<br />
<br />
Hence if you have a Power Bank with 2600mAH it will have one cell.<br />
For 2 Cells you can get a capacity of 5200mAH<br />
The 10,400mAH Power bank will have 4 cells in parallel.<br />
<br />
In Parallel - the cells will have the same voltage of 3.6 to 3.7 V - They have a full charge voltage of 4.2 to 4.3V. The Capacity will add up according to the number of cells.<br />
<br />
Note that In series connected batteries like in your laptop the capacity will remain same but voltage will add up. Another important aspect is that if you have to use multiple cells in series, then a BMS or Battery Management System is usually used to prevent a single cell in the series from getting overcharged or undercharged. Such a system monitors each individual cell in a battery with multiple cells in series.<br />
<br />
A note about your power bank - The Input as well as output of a power bank is 5V - This is standardized as per USB standard. The Battery Voltage is upconverted for the output using a DC-DC converter and for charging a special IC takes care of providing the correct Voltage and Current to charge the battery.<br />
<br />
Links for further reading;<br />
1) <a href="https://batterybro.com/blogs/18650-wholesale-battery-reviews/18880255-battery-chemistry-finally-explained" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Battery Chemistry Explained</a><br />
2) <a href="https://xaeus.wordpress.com/2016/09/08/how-to-identify-18650-cell-capacity/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">How to Identify 18650 cell capacity by Colour</a><br />
3) <a href="https://evannex.com/blogs/news/understanding-teslas-lithium-ion-batteries" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Understanding Tesla's Lithium Ion Battery</a><br />
<br />
<br />Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-48134026482652611672018-03-15T11:37:00.000+05:302018-03-20T12:13:38.775+05:30USB Meter - For Measuring Capacity of a USB Power Bank & Other 5V Devices<br />
You have bought a power bank and are wondering if it really measures up to the advertised Capacity?<br />
<br />
Check with this Power Meter.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitN_s5Tjlh2PfP3BwavKW9VdGl8Mmcy_U_vMcCoMc_S77c52bEp3SbWDzpeOi4BvHVBrHcCQAGhFco4Xp87N0kw-C3x3JKqgMgT6gyEiFEYArRtGODmvAPkVaQPK7mi10rzH6_9bko05A/s1600/USB+DC+Charge+Meter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="USB Meter" border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitN_s5Tjlh2PfP3BwavKW9VdGl8Mmcy_U_vMcCoMc_S77c52bEp3SbWDzpeOi4BvHVBrHcCQAGhFco4Xp87N0kw-C3x3JKqgMgT6gyEiFEYArRtGODmvAPkVaQPK7mi10rzH6_9bko05A/s200/USB+DC+Charge+Meter.jpg" title="USB Voltage & Charge Meter" width="200" /></a><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>You can connect it to any USB Power Source like your Power Bank.</li>
<li>It will Show you the Output Voltage of the Power Bank - This should be 5V</li>
<li>On the USB Female side you connect your Load.</li>
<li>You can then see the Current that the Device Consumes.</li>
<li>Leave it on for a while and it can give you an indication of the Power Consumed. This is also the Power delivered by the source (Could be your Power Bank)</li>
</ul>
<br />
It measures Voltage & Current - Power = Voltage x Current (For DC Voltages like this one)<br />
The Total Energy that can be delivered by your Power Bank = The Capacity of your Power Bank.<br />
Energy (Or Capacity) is the ability for the Power Bank to give X Watts for T Time before it runs out of juice.<br />
Hence TIME is the factor that comes into play to measure the Total Energy that can be delivered by your Power Bank or The Capacity of your Power Bank<br />
<br />
Capacity = Total Energy that your Power Bank can deliver = Watts x Time = V x I x Time<br />
<br />
Since a Power Bank is usually 5V it is sometimes mentioned as AH - = I x Time (Assuming Voltage is fixed at 5V)<br />
<br />
To measure the capacity you can do the following;<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Charge your Power Bank till it is full - Indicated by the LED or display on your Power Bank.</li>
<li>Disconnect it from the charging source</li>
<li>Connect the USB Meter to the Power Bank - Ensure that the AH display reads 0 - else press the button for a few seconds to reset the reading to Zero).</li>
<li>On the output side connect a simple USB LED which draws (These usually consume between 0.5 to 1W - the exact value does not matter)</li>
<li>You can see the current drawn by the device (LED).</li>
<li>Leave it on until the Power Bank exhausts its energy/capacity.</li>
<li>Check the AH directly on the display. - After reading you can reset it back to zero for the next reading - Some Meters can store multiple readings and cycle through them numbered as 1,2...</li>
</ol>
<div>
For Video details check this youtube video</div>
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<br />Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-67102968215902532852018-02-16T11:17:00.000+05:302018-02-16T11:17:02.034+05:30Simple Ideas, Simple Electronics, Useful ProductsPosting after a long gap. I have resolved to post regularly with Simple Electronic Circuits, Product Ideas and general learning resources. Occasionally I will post links to articles and news items related to Technology.Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-74869569882394028472017-06-06T19:47:00.000+05:302017-06-06T19:47:55.944+05:30Iot & Solar Energy Harvesting<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6wimplsKEJU" width="560"></iframe>
Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-22263009621229525722017-05-10T13:08:00.000+05:302017-05-10T13:08:22.371+05:30Journey towards Making the Most Efficient Garden / Pathway Light<span id="goog_7868456"></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/"></a><span id="goog_7868457"></span><br />
When I first started with Solar Lighting it was to create a simple robust street light.<br />
Created a Light that was good and robust. It was a typical Solar Street Light.<br />
The LEDs were superflux capable of being driven to 50mA - The cooling was provided by the four leads and the PCB was made with lots of copper area to dissipate the little heat.<br />
The design as based around a PIC micro-controller and the output was switching via the controller.<br />
This was in 2005.<br />
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Since then I have tried various designs in lighting streets, gardens, porches and pathways.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s320/Picture+011+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJW01YOXPzj46CQcs77sLqyWWdjCIywffscFdTkZ6zCHPJUZHpJwsqfzuxHKzgg2p2RG2ZnKj_4gtwCfzvgxwbrgsPz8rQmvcqitiA6FMwEWlP4bQbgkSwmebmtXckgeqWFSbZmOHnwxw/s1600/Picture+011+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
I am on track to now make one of the most efficient lighting for Gardens, Walkways, pathways and porch lighting.<br />
Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-47835295563137572972015-10-20T22:03:00.001+05:302015-10-20T22:03:43.214+05:30What do I want in my Android Phone?Big Screen, more RAM, Stock Android or Good Camera - What are my priorities.
So here goes a list of items that one should check out and the reasons for doing the same<br />
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<br />
Screen<br />
4.5 inch is about the minimum required today for a decent experience with Social media, emails and light reading. (A 4 inch one is a heavy compromise)<br />
5 Inch is the minimum for people who do a lot of reading online - This is also the ideal size for a compromise between handling ability and readability.<br />
5.5 Inch is the ideal size for reading (most kindle models are 6 inch). But this is a little big for single handed reading.<br />
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RAM<br />
With the kind of apps being released and the frequent updates, 1 MB is minimum<br />
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Android<br />
Some important apps do not work with anything below 4.2 And a few require 4.4 (kitkat) - So I would suggest kitkat at the minimum.<br />
Stock Android is your best bet - Since this is more of a dream, the version that has the minimum bloatware should be ok.<br />
Update: Marshmallow (6.0) is out and it is really good.<br />
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GPS<br />
I have taken this as a separate sensor. There are some phones which have been sold with A-GPS which did not have a real GPS sensor - DO NOT buy these if you need maps or navigation.<br />
A-GPS is a technology name that provides assistance to the real GPS sensor by providing approximate location information through cellphone towers. The real GPS sensor then uses this to get the exact co-ordinates much faster than if it did not have the assistance of A-GPS.<br />
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Sensors<br />
At the minimum - Accelerometer<br />
Preferable to have a Magnetometer (ecompass) - Many apps that show direction or are used for navigation perform better with an ecompass - Personally this is in my required list of sensors. I have found some apps do not work altogether without the ecompass, like antenna finder apps.<br />
A Gyroscope helps in a faster fix when using the GPS and is useful in somegames as well - Not absolutely necessary<br />
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Connectivity<br />
Bluetooth 4.0<br />
Wifi b/g/n (minimum b/g)<br />
<br />Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-71493533584668503552015-09-28T14:29:00.001+05:302015-09-28T14:47:12.701+05:30Solar Thermal<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">At home we need Hot water for bathing and washing.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Industries require hot water for various processes including space heating and climate control.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Solar Hot water systems are the best choice for domestic as well as industrial use. They are more efficient when compared with Solar PV in converting the suns energy into useable energy.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A typical Domestic hot water system consists of a Solar Thermal Panel (1, 2, 3 or even 4 panels are used for a single system). The other important component is the Solar Tank. This is where hot water is stored. It is thermally insulated and is the equivalent of a Battery in a PV system.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Although there are two basic types of Panels - Evacuated tube type & Flat Plate type - the Flat Plate Collector is more commonly used.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Each Panel is approximately 2 square Metres.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">It generates the equivalent of 5 KWh of electricity on a typical Sunny day in most parts of India. (The generation will vary by geography & season).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">If we compare this with a 2 square metres of Solar PV panel; a PV panel generates about 1 KWh of electricity.</span><br />
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Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-71167484269668473852015-04-16T11:08:00.002+05:302015-09-28T14:17:31.056+05:30Low Voltage DC Lighting<h4>
<b>12V DC & 24V DC LED lights</b></h4>
LED Lights that can work off a Standard Car battery is an attractive proposition. We have created a few designs on 12V as well as 24V DC.<br />
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It is important that LEDs are driven with a constant current. An LED is a current driven device. That is it will light up to its given intensity when the rated current flows through it. Its colour rendition will also be specified at that current.<br />
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<b>Anything above or below the rated current two things will happen.</b><br />
<ol>
<li><b>The intensity will change, as will be the efficacy i.e. lumens/watt</b></li>
<li><b>The Colour temperature will shift and you may not get the white light that you expect.</b></li>
</ol>
What is the role of voltage?<br />
Once you ensure a constant current (we will see how we can achieve that later), we can then measure the voltage across the terminals of the LED. This voltage should be in a range specified by the manufacturer. For White LEDs it is usually in the range of 2.9 to 3.5 Volts. Whatever the current you deliver this voltage will remain more or less close to these values.<br />
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That is precisely the reason that you should not directly apply a voltage source to an LED. Let us assume your LED voltage (Called the forward voltage) is 3,2 Volts, and you apply say 13.2 Volts (a normal lead acid battery voltage) to it. What will happen?<br />
As noted the voltage across the LED terminals cannot increase significantly. Let us assume it remains at 3.2 volts.<br />
<br />
Now 13.2 - 3.2 =10.5 is the voltage that should be dropped somewhere else in the loop.<br />
This is what will be dropped by the internal resistance of the battery. Since the value of such a resistance is very small the resultant current which is 10.2/R will be huge. This will burn out the LED.<br />
Of course, this is an extreme case. However, in reality for even a 4 volts put directly across an LED, excess current will flow through the LED and shorten its life.<br />
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<b>Hence: The requirement of a constant current source for the LEDs</b><br />
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Below is a simple circuit which achieves this in a DC circuit.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip0opzlr396E6FDzY34OcMsR6sY9xvXf55l-fxIMbC25yeOqd967TEWqJhMQeMMGPebSEgrhB7boIUxB1aaYDHS-yYMjibleSmw6jpNeySS-EXadmZANJtsmhcYR5tf_b0SlCDt377U9A/s1600/SimpleCC_LED12V.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip0opzlr396E6FDzY34OcMsR6sY9xvXf55l-fxIMbC25yeOqd967TEWqJhMQeMMGPebSEgrhB7boIUxB1aaYDHS-yYMjibleSmw6jpNeySS-EXadmZANJtsmhcYR5tf_b0SlCDt377U9A/s1600/SimpleCC_LED12V.png" width="160" /></a></div>
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And here is the board if you want to fabricate this PCB</div>
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<br />Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-90308009038830768122015-04-15T13:36:00.001+05:302015-04-15T13:36:04.635+05:30Rail Stations to be LED lit<h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #555655; font-family: GlyphaLTBold; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; margin: 15px 0px 30px;">
<a href="http://luxreview.com/article/virgin-trains-led-lighting-at-stations-is-as-much-about-customer-satisfaction-as-it-is-about-energy" target="_blank">Virgin Trains: LED lighting at stations is as much about customer satisfaction as it is about energy</a></h3>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #595859; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22.5px; text-align: justify;">.............Virgin is refraining from installing high levels of intelligent lighting system in which, for example platform lights would remain off when not needed, and turn on when sensors detect people on the platform, because such systems could confuse train drivers........Click the <a href="http://luxreview.com/article/virgin-trains-led-lighting-at-stations-is-as-much-about-customer-satisfaction-as-it-is-about-energy" target="_blank">link </a>to read more.</span></div>
Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-64457007440846187202015-04-06T18:44:00.000+05:302015-04-06T18:44:30.996+05:30Solar Lighting for Rural & off-grid useTata Power has started selling its PV products through snapdeal.<br />
Here is the link to a product I have known for a while.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.snapdeal.com/product/tata-venus-1-solar-home/1470961052">http://www.snapdeal.com/product/tata-venus-1-solar-home/1470961052</a><br />
<br />
It is a robust system and should last years. The light is of the CFL type. The lamp is actually a 4 Pin PL lamp which is more efficient than the traditional 2 pin variety.<br />
<br />
A 4-Pin lamp uses a pre-heat technology for firing the lamp, and hence has a much longer life. It also prevents blackening of the lamp at the electrode ends.<br />
<br />
<img alt="Tata Solar Venus 200 C - Home Lighting System" src="http://n1.sdlcdn.com/imgs/a/h/e/large/Tata-Venus-1-Solar-Home-SDL017301073-1-dc82c.jpg" />Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-11991942423721786402013-02-02T08:31:00.000+05:302015-12-22T12:31:06.527+05:30Hull coating responds to stimulus to remove bacteria | News | The Engineer<a href="http://www.theengineer.co.uk/1015409.article?cmpid=TE01">Hull coating responds to stimulus to remove bacteria | News | The Engineer</a><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">Duke University engineers have developed a material that can be applied like paint to the hull of a ship to dislodge bacteria, keeping it from accumulating on the ship’s surface</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span>
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</style>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-27134822074188662202013-01-09T08:54:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.093+05:30Another Facebook Horror - Mannerisms<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms'; font-size: 13px;"><a href="http://www.electronicsweekly.com/blogs/david-manners-semiconductor-blog/2013/01/another-facebook-horror.html?dm_i=1GUU,17KV2,7NNROP,43B6W,1" target="_blank">Facebook's horrors get worse and worse. If a demonstration was needed of the contempt Facebook has for its users, the pre-Christmas hoo-ha over selling users' images provided it..</a></span><a href="http://www.electronicsweekly.com/blogs/david-manners-semiconductor-blog/2013/01/another-facebook-horror.html?dm_i=1GUU,17KV2,7NNROP,43B6W,1">Another Facebook Horror - Mannerisms</a>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-44168664285949389012012-11-06T20:49:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.147+05:30Solar LED Lights for Boat CabinJust installed some Lights and fans in a few cabins of a boat. The system for the cabins will run off Solar PV.<br /><div>The lights used are 4 watts each and two in each cabin.</div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHDmWVgFTZ7Ux0SLDIOkVpAx9zGfJeGFjGQv9Rykgb7sYQ52i3DY7DaIBR_NuGiKP4_gKP3s7CCSisATlcTgCEEuqDV93uQjpNIlEbDy39fAVv7OAos9RdiCx7gNGC8aa9owJjkkGybg2s/s1600/DSC_0346.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHDmWVgFTZ7Ux0SLDIOkVpAx9zGfJeGFjGQv9Rykgb7sYQ52i3DY7DaIBR_NuGiKP4_gKP3s7CCSisATlcTgCEEuqDV93uQjpNIlEbDy39fAVv7OAos9RdiCx7gNGC8aa9owJjkkGybg2s/s320/DSC_0346.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>There is an issue of the lights being harsh. Since the height of the cabin is low, the lights come close to eye level.</div><div>I installed a cover over the lights and then it seems ok. But the light then comes close to what you would get with a CFL.<br />After researching LEDs for the last 7 years and developing multiple LED products, mainly for street lighting and emergency & utility lighting like stairways, I am wondering whether LEDs are really suitable in a bedroom/cabin or living room areas.</div><div><br /></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-70722390446939927672012-08-12T07:25:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.214+05:30<div><p><a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/The-simple-Joule-Thief/">The simple Joule Thief.</a><br></p></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-73798834088513395892012-07-18T21:04:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.280+05:30Nikola Tesla Day - Mannerisms<a href="http://www.electronicsweekly.com/blogs/david-manners-semiconductor-blog/2012/07/nikola-tesla-day.html?cp=NLC-EWDNS20120710&attr=editorial">Nikola Tesla Day - Mannerisms</a><br />from:<br /><br /><div id="header-name" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms'; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><a accesskey="1" href="http://www.electronicsweekly.com/blogs/david-manners-semiconductor-blog/" style="outline: none; text-decoration: none;"><b style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black;">Mannerisms</span></b></a></div><div id="header-description" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms'; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.125; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><b style="background-color: white;">Ruminations on the semiconductor industry from David Manners</b></div><br /><div class="asset-body" style="clear: both; font-family: 'trebuchet ms'; font-size: 13px; height: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Today is Nikola Tesla day. </div><div class="asset-more" id="more" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms'; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Arguably the greatest engineer who ever lived, Nikola Tesla developed alternating current electricity, was the first to demonstrate short range wireless communication through radio; the first to demonstrate wireless energy transfer to power electronic devices; the first in the USA to prove the concept of hydroelectric power by building a hydroelectric plant at Niagara Falls; the first to demonstrate a brushless induction motor; the first to record radio waves from outer space; the discoverer of the resonant frequency of the earth, an early pioneer of X-Rays and much else besides.<br /><br />A Serbian by birth, Tesla applied to work for Edison armed with a reference from his employer which read: "I know two great men and you are one of them; and the other is this young man."<br />.................<br />and a link from a comment:<br /><a href="http://theoatmeal.com/comics/tesla">http://theoatmeal.com/comics/tesla</a><br /><br /></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-74676089100801086882012-07-18T19:25:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.292+05:30AL5801W6-7 Diodes Inc. | Mouser<a href="http://in.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Diodes-Inc/AL5801W6-7/?qs=XAnYXIojQjhhTfmvrhH3SxJCHOmQf22h&cm_mmc=AddThis-_-blogger-_-AL5801W6-7%2520Diodes%2520Inc.%2520%257C%2520Mouser-_-na#.UAbAD_jUAlc.blogger">AL5801W6-7 Diodes Inc. | Mouser</a>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-42350798347574808382012-06-10T11:12:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.356+05:30Can DC power an entire home?<div><p><a href="http://chrisgammell.com/2008/06/12/can-dc-power-an-entire-home/">Can DC power an entire home? | Chris Gammell's Analog Life</a><br></p></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-74314438306455057732012-06-10T11:09:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.410+05:30House wiring<div><p><a href="http://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/big-steps-in-building-change-our-wiring-to-12-volt-dc.html">Big Steps In Building: Change Our Wiring to 12 Volt DC : TreeHugger</a><br></p></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5297869892087894508.post-14088158009112603792012-05-12T08:44:00.000+05:302015-04-07T22:10:26.489+05:30Electronic welder<div><p><a href="http://www.philpem.me.uk/elec/welder/">philpem.me.uk :: electronics :: welder</a><br></p></div>Gurudatta Sardessaihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13396866484517781848noreply@blogger.com